Exploring Rheumatoid Arthritis Deformities | Impact and Benefits of Physiotherapy Treatment | Blog by CB Physiotherapy, Active Healing for Pain Free Life.

 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear and tear, RA occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissues, leading to inflammation, pain, and eventual joint damage. This autoimmune response primarily targets the synovium, the lining of the membranes surrounding the joints, causing inflammation that can invade and destroy cartilage and bone within the joint. The precise cause of RA remains unknown, but genetic and environmental factors play significant roles.

Common Deformities Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis

RA is characterized by joint inflammation, pain, and deformity. Deformities occur when chronic inflammation leads to joint damage, erosion, and destruction of the bone and cartilage. Some common deformities associated with RA include:

1: Ulnar Deviation: One of the hallmark deformities of RA, ulnar deviation, occurs when the fingers deviate towards the ulna, or the outer side of the arm. This is typically caused by damage to the joint structures and weakening of the tendons and ligaments.
2: Swan Neck Deformity: This deformity is characterized by hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and flexion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. It occurs due to an imbalance in the muscles and tendons around the affected joints.
3: Boutonnière Deformity: In this condition, the PIP joint is bent towards the palm (flexion), while the DIP joint is bent back away (hyperextension). It results from the detachment or rupture of the extensor tendon at the PIP joint.
4: Rheumatoid Nodules: These are firm lumps that appear under the skin, often near the affected joints. They are non-tender and usually occur in areas subjected to pressure.
5: Hammer Toe and Claw Toe: These deformities affect the toes, leading to abnormal bending. Hammer toe involves bending of the middle joint of the toe, while claw toe results in the toe bending into a claw-like position.
6: Z-Deformity of the Thumb: This involves hyperextension of the first joint of the thumb and flexion of the second joint, resulting in a Z-shaped appearance.

Impact of Deformities on Patients’ Lives

The deformities associated with RA significantly impact patients’ quality of life. They can lead to:

1: Reduced Mobility: Deformities limit the range of motion in the affected joints, making it challenging to perform daily activities such as dressing, eating, and writing.
2: Pain and Discomfort: Chronic pain and stiffness are common, leading to discomfort and reduced physical activity.
3: Psychological Effects: The visible deformities can cause self-esteem issues and lead to social withdrawal and depression.
4: Functional Limitations: The inability to use the hands and feet properly can hinder work and leisure activities, affecting overall productivity and independence.

Role of Physiotherapy in Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis Deformities

Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in managing RA and its associated deformities. It aims to reduce pain, improve joint function, enhance mobility, and prevent further deformities. Here are some key physiotherapy interventions:

1: Exercise Therapy
Exercise is fundamental in managing RA. A physiotherapist will design an individualized exercise program that includes:
a) Range of Motion Exercises: These exercises help maintain joint flexibility and prevent stiffness. They involve gently moving the joints through their full range of motion.
b) Strengthening Exercises: Strengthening the muscles around the joints provides better support and reduces the strain on the affected joints. Isometric exercises, which involve muscle contractions without joint movement, are particularly beneficial for RA patients.
c) Aerobic Exercises: Low-impact aerobic exercises, such as walking, swimming, and cycling, improve cardiovascular health and overall fitness without putting excessive strain on the joints.

2: Manual Therapy
Manual therapy techniques, including joint mobilization and soft tissue manipulation, can help reduce pain and improve joint function. These techniques involve the physiotherapist using their hands to apply pressure and manipulate the affected joints and tissues.

3: Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy, or aquatic therapy, involves exercises in a warm water pool. The buoyancy of water reduces the load on the joints, making movement easier and less painful. The warmth of the water also helps relax muscles and reduce stiffness.

4: Splinting and Orthotic Devices
Splints and orthotic devices can support, reduce pain, and prevent or correct deformities. They help maintain proper joint alignment and reduce strain on the affected joints. Custom-made splints are often used for the hands and wrists, while orthotic inserts can support the feet and ankles.

5: Pain Management:
Techniques to manage pain, include Tens, ultrasound, heat and cold therapy, and relaxation techniques.
a) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) blocks pain signals from reaching the spinal cord. It helps to decrease muscle spasms, synovial fluid, and inflammation.
b) Therapeutic ultrasound: Ultrasound uses sound waves to create warmth, decreasing joint pain, inflammation, and stiffness.
c) Ice therapy: Ice therapy decreases swelling and inflammation. Cryotherapy can be used as ice packs and cold compresses in acute stages. Cold therapy is used in active joints where intra-articular heat increase is undesired.
d) Heat therapy: Heat therapy is used in chronic stages of rheumatoid arthritis. It reduces muscle spasms. Heat therapy can be used for 10–20 minutes once or twice a day before exercise in the form of a hot pack, hot water bath, hot water bottle, hydrotherapy, infrared radiation, paraffin, etc.

6: Functional Training
Functional training focuses on improving the ability to perform daily activities. This may include:
a) Balance and Coordination Exercises: To reduce the risk of falls and improve stability.
b) Task-Specific Training: Practicing activities of daily living, such as dressing, cooking, and grooming, to enhance independence and confidence.

We hope this article has provided valuable insights into managing rheumatoid arthritis deformities through physiotherapy. If you have any questions or need further information, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us. For inquiries, appointments, and more details about our services, Feel free to contact us directly at 01140846393. We’re here to help you manage your rheumatoid arthritis effectively and improve your quality of life.

Striking The Balance | Exploring High Vs Low-intensity Physiotherapy Strength Training For Knee Osteoarthritis Relief

Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent and often debilitating condition that affects millions of people around the world. Osteoarthritis affects our body, as the joint cartilage and bone degenerate, and thus individuals experience pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the knee joint. While there is no cure for osteoarthritis, various treatments aim to alleviate symptoms and improve overall quality of life. Among these treatments, physiotherapy strength training has emerged as a promising approach. However, the debate between high and low-intensity strength training within the realm of physiotherapy has sparked considerable interest. This article delves into the benefits and considerations of high and low-intensity physiotherapy strength training for knee osteoarthritis, helping you make an informed choice about the approach that suits your needs best.

High-Intensity Physiotherapy Strength Training

High-intensity physiotherapy strength training involves engaging in exercises that require significant exertion and resistance. Although the idea of high-intensity training might seem daunting for those with knee osteoarthritis, recent research indicates that when tailored and supervised appropriately, it can offer substantial advantages.

Benefits:

Enhanced Muscle Strength: High-intensity strength training stimulates muscle growth and development, which can help stabilize the knee joint. Strong muscles provide essential support to the joint, ultimately reducing stress on the affected area.

1: Improved Joint Function: Strengthening the muscles around the knee joint can lead to better stability and mobility. This, in turn, contributes to improved overall joint function and reduced pain during daily activities.

2: Bone Health: High-intensity weight-bearing exercises can play a role in maintaining bone density, which is particularly crucial for individuals with osteoarthritis, as they may be at an increased risk of bone loss.

3: Metabolic Benefits: High-intensity training can accelerate metabolism and aid in weight management. Maintaining a healthy weight is essential for individuals with knee osteoarthritis, as excess body weight can exacerbate joint pain.

4: Guidance and Supervision: High-intensity training should always be undertaken under the supervision of a qualified physiotherapist. Correct form and appropriate progression are critical to avoid injuries.

5: Personalization: Not everyone with knee osteoarthritis is suited for high-intensity training. The severity of the condition, individual fitness level, and any underlying health issues must be taken into account.

6: Gradual Progression: A gradual increase in intensity and resistance is crucial to prevent overexertion and minimize the risk of injury.

Low-Intensity Physiotherapy Strength Training

Low-intensity physiotherapy strength training involves using lighter weights and focusing on higher repetitions. This approach emphasizes controlled movements and proper form, making it particularly suitable for beginners in strength training or those with more advanced osteoarthritis.

Benefits:

1: Joint-Friendly: Low-intensity training places minimal stress on the joints, offering a gentle and safe starting point for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. It aids in building strength without causing pain or discomfort.

2: Improved Muscle Endurance: While high-intensity training primarily targets muscle growth, low-intensity training enhances muscle endurance. This can contribute to better joint stability and the ability to engage in prolonged activity without excessive fatigue.

3: Pain Management: The gentle nature of low-intensity training can help alleviate pain and stiffness, leading to an improved range of motion and a better overall quality of life.

4: Suitability for Diverse Fitness Levels: Low-intensity strength training is accessible to a broader range of individuals, including those with limited mobility or other health concerns.

Considerations:

1: Progressive Overload: Even with low-intensity training, gradually increasing resistance over time is essential to continue reaping benefits and progress.

2: Holistic Approach: Combining low-intensity strength training with other physiotherapy exercises, such as flexibility and cardiovascular activities, offers a comprehensive strategy for managing knee osteoarthritis.

3: Patience: Results from low-intensity training may take longer to become apparent compared to high-intensity training. Consistency and patience are key to success.

Striking the Balance: Personalization is Paramount

The choice between high and low-intensity physiotherapy strength training hinges on individual factors. Seeking guidance from a qualified physiotherapist is essential to determine the most suitable approach. Often, a combination of both high and low-intensity training might be recommended, considering the person's unique condition, goals, and limitations.

Physiotherapy strength training stands as a promising avenue for managing knee osteoarthritis by enhancing muscle strength, joint stability, and overall function. Both high and low-intensity approaches have their merits and considerations, emphasizing the importance of tailoring the training program to the individual's needs. Whether you're engaging in high-intensity resistance exercises or focusing on controlled repetitions, the key lies in starting gradually, being attuned to your body's signals, and working closely with physiotherapy professionals to ensure a safe and effective journey toward improved joint health. Remember, the journey to relief from knee osteoarthritis is a personalized one, and finding the right equilibrium between high and low-intensity physiotherapy strength training can lead to a more active and fulfilling life.

Optimizing Your Tkr Recovery By Physiotherapy | Do's And Don'ts For Positions And Activities

 Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a transformative surgical procedure that brings hope to individuals suffering from debilitating knee pain and limited mobility due to conditions like Osteoarthritis. While the surgery itself marks a significant milestone, the key to a successful and smooth recovery lies in adhering to the dos and don'ts of positions and activities after TKR. Additionally, early rehabilitation through physiotherapy plays a crucial role in optimizing recovery, restoring joint function, and regaining independence. In this blog, we will explore the essential positions and activities to consider after TKR, as well as the invaluable role of physiotherapy in the early recovery process. 

Dos for Positions and Activities After TKR:

1: Maintain proper leg elevation: In the initial post-operative phase, elevating your leg regularly can help reduce swelling and promote healing. Ensure your leg is comfortably elevated above the heart level while sitting or lying down.
2: Use pillows for support: When lying down, place a pillow under your surgical leg to maintain the correct alignment and reduce pressure on the knee joint.
3: Sit with proper posture: While sitting, keep your back straight, and avoid crossing your legs or placing excessive strain on the new knee joint.
4: Practice gentle ankle pumps: Moving your ankle up and down while lying down can help improve blood circulation and prevent blood clots in the lower extremities.
5: Perform knee range of motion exercises: As directed by your physiotherapist, perform gentle knee bending and straightening exercises to improve the joint's range of motion.
6: Walk with assistance: Use a walker or crutches initially to support your weight and maintain stability while walking. Follow your physiotherapist's guidance to gradually transition to unassisted walking.
7: Engage in stationary cycling: Low-impact exercises like stationary cycling are excellent for improving knee strength and range of motion without putting excessive stress on the joint.
8: Swim or perform water exercises: Water provides buoyancy, which reduces the load on your knee joint during exercises. Swimming and water-based exercises are beneficial for early recovery.
9: Follow your physiotherapy regimen: Adhere to the prescribed physiotherapy exercises diligently. These exercises are designed to enhance muscle strength, flexibility, and joint stability during the recovery process.
10: Communicate with your physiotherapist and surgeon: If you experience any unusual discomfort or difficulties during your recovery, communicate openly with your healthcare team for guidance and reassurance. 

Don'ts for Positions and Activities After TKR

1: Avoid prolonged sitting or standing: Prolonged periods of sitting or standing can lead to stiffness and swelling in the knee joint. Aim to change positions frequently and take short walks every hour during the day.
2: Do not cross your legs: Crossing your legs can place unnecessary strain on the new knee joint, potentially affecting the healing process. Always sit with both feet flat on the floor.
3: Do not engage in high-impact activities: Activities such as running, jumping, or contact sports should be avoided during the early recovery phase, as they can jeopardize the integrity of the new knee joint.
4: Refrain from kneeling or squatting: Avoid kneeling or squatting activities in the initial recovery period, as these movements can exert excessive pressure on the knee joint.
5: Do not neglect prescribed exercises: Skipping or neglecting your physiotherapy exercises can impede your progress and slow down the recovery process.
6: Avoid heavy lifting: Lifting heavy objects can strain the knee joint and hinder the healing process. If lifting is necessary, take precautions use proper body mechanics, and seek assistance if needed.
7: Do not ignore signs of infection: Keep a close eye on your surgical incision for any signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or drainage. Promptly inform your surgeon if you notice any concerning developments.
8: Refrain from smoking and excessive alcohol consumption: Smoking can impede the healing process, while excessive alcohol intake can interact negatively with medications and affect overall recovery.

Role of Physiotherapy in Early Recovery

Physiotherapy plays a pivotal role in the early recovery phase after TKR, helping patients regain knee function, strength, and mobility. Here's how physiotherapy contributes to the recovery process:

1: Pain Management: After TKR, pain and swelling are common. Physiotherapists use various techniques, such as manual therapy and modalities like ultrasound, to alleviate pain and inflammation in the knee joint.
2: Range of Motion Improvement: Physiotherapy includes targeted exercises to improve knee range of motion gradually. These exercises prevent joint stiffness and ensure the knee can bend and straighten efficiently.
3: Muscle Strengthening: Weak muscles around the knee joint can contribute to instability and affect mobility. Physiotherapists design exercises to strengthen the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles, ensuring better support for the knee.
4: Gait Training: Physiotherapists work with patients on correcting their walking patterns, using assistive devices initially, and gradually transitioning to unassisted walking. Proper gait training improves balance and reduces the risk of falls.
5: Scar Tissue Management: Physiotherapy techniques, such as massage and stretching, can help manage scar tissue formation around the surgical site, preventing adhesions and improving tissue mobility.
6: Functional Training: Physiotherapists focus on improving functional abilities, such as climbing stairs and getting in and out of a chair, to promote independence in daily activities.
7: Customized Rehabilitation Plans: Every patient's recovery journey is unique. Physiotherapists tailor rehabilitation plans based on the individual's age, overall health, and specific goals, maximizing the effectiveness of the treatment.
8: Patient Education: Physiotherapists educate patients about proper body mechanics and techniques for performing daily activities to avoid straining the new knee joint.


Total Knee Replacement is a significant step toward reclaiming a pain-free and active life. Adhering to the dos and don'ts of positions and activities after TKR is essential for a successful recovery and long-term joint function. The guidance and expertise of a skilled physiotherapist are invaluable during the early recovery phase, as physiotherapy plays a vital role in restoring joint mobility, improving muscle strength, and ensuring a smooth transition back to an active lifestyle. Remember to follow your physiotherapy regimen diligently, communicate openly with your healthcare team, and be patient as you progress through the stages of recovery. With dedication and proper guidance, you can achieve optimal results and regain the joy of pain-free movement after TKR.

 

Understanding Hip Pain: Common Causes And Effective Physiotherapy Treatment

Do you suffer from hip pain and feel frustrated due to it? As you are unable to walk, run or jump. Then go through this blog, to find the common causes of hip pain and ways to alleviate your pain. Hip pain is sometimes a debilitating condition that affects people of all ages and lifestyles. The hip is a complex joint that connects the thigh bone to the pelvis and is responsible for a wide range of movements. Hip pain can be caused by a variety of factors, including injuries, arthritis, and overuse.

Common Causes of Hip Pain:

Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, and it can affect any joint in the body, including the hip. This condition occurs when the cartilage that cushions the bones in the joint wears away, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The pain may be felt in the groin, hip, or buttock.

Bursitis: Bursitis is a condition that occurs when the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that cushion the joints, become inflamed. This can cause pain in the hip and other joints, particularly if the bursitis is caused by an injury or overuse.

Tendinitis: Tendinitis occurs when the tendons that attach muscles to bones become inflamed. This can be caused by overuse or an injury and can lead to pain in the hip and other joints.

Hip Fracture: A hip fracture is a serious injury that can cause severe pain in the hip, groin, or thigh. It typically occurs in older adults and requires immediate medical attention.

Muscle Strain: A muscle strain can occur when the muscles that support the hip joint become overstretched or torn. This can cause pain in the hip and other areas of the body.

Iliotibial (IT) band syndrome: Hip pain on the outside of the hip is a common complaint and can have various causes The IT band is a thick band of tissue that runs from the hip down to the knee. When the IT band becomes tight or inflamed, it can cause pain on the outside of the hip.

Hip Impingement:  Hip impingement, also known as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), is a condition where there is abnormal contact between the bones in the hip joint. This can cause pain on the inner side of the hip or groin. Hip impingement is more common in athletes and can be caused by repetitive activities such as running or jumping.

Labral Tears: The labrum is a ring of cartilage that surrounds the hip joint, providing stability and cushioning. A labral tear occurs when the labrum is torn, causing pain in the front of the hip or groin. This condition can be caused by repetitive activities, trauma, or structural abnormalities.

Sciatica:  Sciatica is a condition where the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down to the legs, becomes compressed or irritated. This can cause pain in the back of the hip, as well as the buttocks and legs. Sciatica is more common in adults over 40 and can be caused by spinal stenosis, herniated discs, or degenerative disc disease.

Piriformis Syndrome: The piriformis muscle is located in the buttocks and is responsible for hip rotation. When this muscle becomes tight or inflamed, it can compress the sciatic nerve, causing radiating pain in the hip, buttocks, and legs.

Physiotherapy can be an effective way to reduce hip pain by using a variety of techniques to address the underlying causes of the pain. Here are some ways physiotherapy can help reduce hip pain:

Identification of the root cause: A physiotherapist can help identify the root cause of your hip pain by conducting a comprehensive assessment of your hip joint and the surrounding muscles and structures. This can include a range of motion and strength tests, as well as a detailed medical history and physical examination. By identifying the underlying cause of the pain, the physiotherapist can develop a personalized treatment plan that targets the specific problem.

Manual therapy: Manual therapy is a hands-on technique used by physiotherapists to help reduce pain and improve mobility. This can include massage, joint mobilization, and stretching. By applying pressure and manipulating the soft tissues and joints around the hip joint, physiotherapists can help reduce tension, inflammation, and pain.

Exercise therapy: Exercise therapy is a critical part of physiotherapy for hip pain. This can include exercises to improve flexibility, strength, and balance. By 

strengthening the muscles around the hip joint, you can improve your ability to support and stabilize the joint, reducing pain and preventing further injury.

Electrotherapy: Electrotherapy involves the use of electrical stimulation to reduce pain and inflammation. This can include ultrasound, TENS, shockwave therapy, and other modalities. By using electrical stimulation, the physiotherapist can help reduce pain and promote healing in the tissues around the hip joint.

Education: Education is an important part of physiotherapy for hip pain. A physiotherapist can provide advice on how to prevent further injury, such as proper posture, lifting techniques, and exercises that individuals can do at home. By understanding how to avoid activities that can aggravate the hip joint and how to perform exercises correctly, individuals can reduce the risk of further injury and pain.

In conclusion, physiotherapy is an effective treatment option for hip pain that can help reduce pain, improve mobility, and prevent further injury. If you are experiencing hip pain, it is important to seek medical attention and consider physiotherapy as part of your treatment plan. By working with a physiotherapist, individuals can develop a personalized treatment plan that is tailored to their specific needs and goals, allowing them to reduce pain, improve mobility, and prevent further injury.

 

World Physiotherapy Day 2022 | Exercises for the Prevention and Management of Osteoarthritis

Every year World Physiotherapy Day is observed on the 8th of September. This day is celebrated to recognize the importance of physiotherapy in our lives. Physiotherapy plays an important role in keeping our bodies healthy and fit. Several diseases can be cured with the help of Physiotherapy. The physiotherapist can treat the injuries and deformities in a patient and make their damaged body part functional. The Theme for World Physiotherapy Day 2022 is Prevention and Management of Osteoarthritis (the most common form of arthritis). The day focuses on raising awareness about the crucial role of physiotherapists in the prevention of Osteoarthritis and the way through which the condition can be managed. Mentioned below are a few exercises which can be done by individuals suffering from osteoarthritis.

 

Initially, get started with simple strengthening exercises without resistance and then progress by using flexible tubing, weights up to 1 or 2 pounds 12 to 15 times in 2 or 3 sets.

 

Shoulder Stretches:

• Sit with forearms in front of the body.
• Bring the elbows back to the "hands up" position, with palms facing forward.
• Stretch the arms overhead as far as possible, but keep the elbows in line with the side of the body.

 

Forward arm reaches:

• Sit or stand with arms at the side, elbows bent and thumbs pointed back toward the shoulders.
• Stretch arms overhead.
• If one of the arms is weak, then help it by placing the hand under the elbow and assisting the arm to the overhead position.
• Finally, lower the arms slowly and bring them to the starting position.

 

Finger walk thumb circles:

• Sit with hands on the table and fingers pointing ahead.
• Slide thumbs toward each other.
• Then slide each finger towards the thumb, one by one.
• After the little finger has completed the "walk", lift the hands and put them down straight. Then, move the fingers toward the thumb. Then rotate the thumbs.

 

Biceps curls:

• Start with elbows bent by the sides.
• Keep the upper arm at the side, and bring one dumbbell up to the shoulder.
• Lower to the starting position and repeat the same exercise with the opposite arm.
• Continue to alternate between sides.

 

Triceps extensions:

• Hold the weight overhead by using both hands.
• Keeping the elbows pointed upward, lower the weight behind the head. (Make sure not to hit the back of the neck).
• Raise weight overhead again.
• Return and repeat.

 

Side lateral raises:

• With arms down at the sides, raise arms (slightly bent) to shoulder height.
• Lower and repeat.

 

Wall push-up:

• Stand 12 inches (with feet) away from the wall.
• Place both hands a little wider than the shoulders.
• Lower the chest to the wall, then push back to the starting position.

 

Knee raise:

• Sit on the edge of a chair or stool with the back straight.
• Lift the knee as high as possible without bending the back.
• Bring the knee higher with the hands if necessary.
• Keeping the abdominals tight, slowly lower the leg back to the starting position.

 

Heel/ toe lift:

• Sit forward on a chair with feet flat on the floor.
• Lift heels, place toes on the floor, then lift toes.
• Hold for 3 seconds and then return to feet flat position.

 

Leg lift/ ankle movement:

• Sit upright with your back supported.
• Slowly straighten the knee. With the knee slightly bent, bend the ankle, pointing the toes ahead.
• Then reverse to point the toes toward the ceiling, and repeat.

 

Exercising has often been seen to be effective in helping, but the nature of the condition often impedes the implementation of such therapy. Motion hurts, but motion is shown to be among the best treatments, as exercises keep the joint mobile it helps to reduce the constant inflammation and pain associated with it.

 Top 10 Exercises for relieving Hip Arthritis Pain

Hips hurt for a variety of reasons, arthritis can be one of them. Hip Arthritis causes pain and mobility problems making it difficult for the individual to do everyday activities, but if treated early, quality of life can be preserved. Though there is no cure for arthritis, but there are many treatment options to reduce its symptoms. One of the treatment options is physiotherapy. The physiotherapist uses a range of interventions to treat this condition and also guides in recommending the activities which are to be avoided thus enabling early treatment and preventing severe damage to the joint. In this blog, we will provide you with a quick guide that will help you know hip arthritis better and will also provide the exercises which you can do to improve your functionality.

 

Arthritis

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint that is covered by articular cartilage. Cartilage is a spongy tissue that cushions the joints, deterioration of this tissue causes bones to rub against each other. Pain usually occurs in the groin, but you can also feel pain in the hip region.

Types of arthritis that affect the hip joint the most:

•  Osteoarthritis,

•  Inflammatory arthritis and

•  Psoriatic arthritis.

 

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis, caused by wear and tear in the hip joint. This causes cartilage damage at the end of the bones over time. It occurs in people age 50 or older due to trauma, hip dysplasia, femoroacetabular impingement, or obesity.

 

Inflammatory arthritis

Inflammatory arthritis, in this type there is inflammation of the joints and the surrounding tissues. It can occur in people of all ages but occurs mainly in early childhood. Types of inflammatory hip arthritis include ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

 

Psoriatic arthritis

This form of arthritis affects the skin. The main symptoms are joint pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected joint, which can be the hip joint.

 

Benefits of Exercises

Exercises are done in a way that can make the patient feel better and also

•   Relieve pain

•   Decrease stiffness

•   Improve flexibility

•   Increase strength

 

Exercises

The physiotherapist initially recommends rest and ice therapy to relieve swelling and pain, activity modifications are done and walking aids like crutches and canes are provided for mobility.

 

Isometric hip flexion

•    Lie on the bed with legs extended straight.

•    Tighten or squeeze each of the buttocks and then release the tension.

•    Do 5-10 reps.

 

Hip circles

•    Stand by holding a chair for balance.

•    Make first small, gentle and then large circles as large as is comfortable.

•    Do for 20-30 seconds on each side and reverse the direction.

•    Each day do 2-3 times as long as it feels good.

 

Hip swings

•    Sit on the chair with legs hanging.

•    Start with small swings then slowly increase the distance.

•    Do 20-30 seconds on each side.

•    Repeat 2-3 times.

 

Lateral kicks

•    Stand in front of the wall.

•    Raise one leg by the side as far as it is comfortable.

•    Do 10-30 reps on each side.

•    Repeat 2-3 times each day.

 

Squat

•    Stand in front of the wall with back towards the wall.

•    Go down by bending the knees and sliding the back on the wall.

•    Go down till it is comfortable then raise back to the starting position.

•    Do 8-12 squats for 2-3 sets.

 

Hip bridge

•    Lie on the bed

•    Lift the hips as high as possible.

•    Push down through the heels.

•    Do 8-15 repetitions, hold for 10 secs.

 

Calf raises

•    Stand and hold onto a chair for support.

•    Raise the heels as high as possible till it's comfortable.

•    Do 20 reps.

 

Single leg deadlift

•    Stand with feet apart, knees slightly bent, raise one leg off the floor.

•    Flex the knee on the standing/support

•    Keep the back straight and lower the torso till it's parallel to the floor.

•    Squeeze glutes thrust the hips forward, and raise the torso back to the starting position.

•    Do 10-15 reps.

 

Wall sit and press

•    Stand in front of the wall

•    Keep the back in contact with the wall, bend the knees, and slide down the wall to move the arms.

•    Keep the core stable without arching the back move the arms overhead. 

•    DO 10-20 reps and 2-3 sets.

 

Balance pass

•    Stand on one leg and the other leg in kickstand position.

•    Pass the weight or dumbbell back and forth for30 seconds.

•    Do 2-3 times on each side.

 

Pain might be triggered by more no of repetitions and thus the patient may experience more pain therefore patient must add variety and take breaks in between the exercises sessions.