Exploring Rheumatoid Arthritis Deformities | Impact and Benefits of Physiotherapy Treatment | Blog by CB Physiotherapy, Active Healing for Pain Free Life.

 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear and tear, RA occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissues, leading to inflammation, pain, and eventual joint damage. This autoimmune response primarily targets the synovium, the lining of the membranes surrounding the joints, causing inflammation that can invade and destroy cartilage and bone within the joint. The precise cause of RA remains unknown, but genetic and environmental factors play significant roles.

Common Deformities Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis

RA is characterized by joint inflammation, pain, and deformity. Deformities occur when chronic inflammation leads to joint damage, erosion, and destruction of the bone and cartilage. Some common deformities associated with RA include:

1: Ulnar Deviation: One of the hallmark deformities of RA, ulnar deviation, occurs when the fingers deviate towards the ulna, or the outer side of the arm. This is typically caused by damage to the joint structures and weakening of the tendons and ligaments.
2: Swan Neck Deformity: This deformity is characterized by hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and flexion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. It occurs due to an imbalance in the muscles and tendons around the affected joints.
3: Boutonnière Deformity: In this condition, the PIP joint is bent towards the palm (flexion), while the DIP joint is bent back away (hyperextension). It results from the detachment or rupture of the extensor tendon at the PIP joint.
4: Rheumatoid Nodules: These are firm lumps that appear under the skin, often near the affected joints. They are non-tender and usually occur in areas subjected to pressure.
5: Hammer Toe and Claw Toe: These deformities affect the toes, leading to abnormal bending. Hammer toe involves bending of the middle joint of the toe, while claw toe results in the toe bending into a claw-like position.
6: Z-Deformity of the Thumb: This involves hyperextension of the first joint of the thumb and flexion of the second joint, resulting in a Z-shaped appearance.

Impact of Deformities on Patients’ Lives

The deformities associated with RA significantly impact patients’ quality of life. They can lead to:

1: Reduced Mobility: Deformities limit the range of motion in the affected joints, making it challenging to perform daily activities such as dressing, eating, and writing.
2: Pain and Discomfort: Chronic pain and stiffness are common, leading to discomfort and reduced physical activity.
3: Psychological Effects: The visible deformities can cause self-esteem issues and lead to social withdrawal and depression.
4: Functional Limitations: The inability to use the hands and feet properly can hinder work and leisure activities, affecting overall productivity and independence.

Role of Physiotherapy in Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis Deformities

Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in managing RA and its associated deformities. It aims to reduce pain, improve joint function, enhance mobility, and prevent further deformities. Here are some key physiotherapy interventions:

1: Exercise Therapy
Exercise is fundamental in managing RA. A physiotherapist will design an individualized exercise program that includes:
a) Range of Motion Exercises: These exercises help maintain joint flexibility and prevent stiffness. They involve gently moving the joints through their full range of motion.
b) Strengthening Exercises: Strengthening the muscles around the joints provides better support and reduces the strain on the affected joints. Isometric exercises, which involve muscle contractions without joint movement, are particularly beneficial for RA patients.
c) Aerobic Exercises: Low-impact aerobic exercises, such as walking, swimming, and cycling, improve cardiovascular health and overall fitness without putting excessive strain on the joints.

2: Manual Therapy
Manual therapy techniques, including joint mobilization and soft tissue manipulation, can help reduce pain and improve joint function. These techniques involve the physiotherapist using their hands to apply pressure and manipulate the affected joints and tissues.

3: Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy, or aquatic therapy, involves exercises in a warm water pool. The buoyancy of water reduces the load on the joints, making movement easier and less painful. The warmth of the water also helps relax muscles and reduce stiffness.

4: Splinting and Orthotic Devices
Splints and orthotic devices can support, reduce pain, and prevent or correct deformities. They help maintain proper joint alignment and reduce strain on the affected joints. Custom-made splints are often used for the hands and wrists, while orthotic inserts can support the feet and ankles.

5: Pain Management:
Techniques to manage pain, include Tens, ultrasound, heat and cold therapy, and relaxation techniques.
a) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) blocks pain signals from reaching the spinal cord. It helps to decrease muscle spasms, synovial fluid, and inflammation.
b) Therapeutic ultrasound: Ultrasound uses sound waves to create warmth, decreasing joint pain, inflammation, and stiffness.
c) Ice therapy: Ice therapy decreases swelling and inflammation. Cryotherapy can be used as ice packs and cold compresses in acute stages. Cold therapy is used in active joints where intra-articular heat increase is undesired.
d) Heat therapy: Heat therapy is used in chronic stages of rheumatoid arthritis. It reduces muscle spasms. Heat therapy can be used for 10–20 minutes once or twice a day before exercise in the form of a hot pack, hot water bath, hot water bottle, hydrotherapy, infrared radiation, paraffin, etc.

6: Functional Training
Functional training focuses on improving the ability to perform daily activities. This may include:
a) Balance and Coordination Exercises: To reduce the risk of falls and improve stability.
b) Task-Specific Training: Practicing activities of daily living, such as dressing, cooking, and grooming, to enhance independence and confidence.

We hope this article has provided valuable insights into managing rheumatoid arthritis deformities through physiotherapy. If you have any questions or need further information, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us. For inquiries, appointments, and more details about our services, Feel free to contact us directly at 01140846393. We’re here to help you manage your rheumatoid arthritis effectively and improve your quality of life.

Accelerating Healing | Benefits Of Post-liposuction Lymphatic Drainage By Physiotherapists

 Liposuction, a popular cosmetic procedure aimed at removing excess fat from specific areas of the body, can yield impressive results in contouring and shaping. However, the process of liposuction can also leave patients with postoperative swelling, bruising, and discomfort. To aid in the healing process and promote a speedy recovery, physiotherapists have introduced a highly effective technique known as lymphatic drainage. In this blog, we will delve into physiotherapy after liposuction which includes lymphatic drainage, when administered by skilled physiotherapists, plays a crucial role in assisting patients during their post-liposuction journey.

Lymphatic Drainage

The lymphatic system is an essential part of the body's immune system, responsible for eliminating toxins, waste products, and excess fluids from tissues. Lymphatic drainage is a manual therapy technique designed to stimulate and improve the flow of lymphatic fluid throughout the body. By using gentle, rhythmic strokes and specific hand movements, physiotherapists assist the lymphatic system in transporting fluids away from the treated areas, thus reducing swelling and promoting faster healing.

 

Benefits of Lymphatic Drainage After Liposuction

1: Reduced Swelling and Inflammation
Post-liposuction, swelling is a common side effect as the body responds to the trauma of the procedure. Lymphatic drainage helps accelerate the removal of excess fluid and inflammatory mediators from the affected area, reducing swelling significantly. As a result, patients experience increased comfort and an expedited recovery process.

2: Enhanced Healing and Tissue Regeneration
By improving lymphatic circulation, lymphatic drainage aids in the transportation of vital nutrients, oxygen, and immune cells to the treated areas. This enhanced circulation facilitates tissue repair and regeneration, allowing patients to heal more efficiently and minimize the risk of complications.

3: Prevention of Hematomas and Seromas
Hematomas and seromas are collections of blood and serous fluid that can accumulate in the treated area post-liposuction. Physiotherapist-administered lymphatic drainage helps prevent the formation of these fluid accumulations by facilitating the natural drainage pathways of the lymphatic system, keeping fluid circulation smooth and consistent.

4: Alleviation of Pain and Discomfort
Liposuction can cause discomfort during the recovery phase. Lymphatic drainage therapy employs gentle, non-invasive techniques that reduce pain and muscle tension, making the recovery process more tolerable for patients.

5: Improved Skin Appearance and Texture
Lymphatic drainage supports the body in removing waste products and toxins, which can contribute to healthier-looking skin. Patients often notice improvements in skin texture and tone as a result of increased circulation and toxin elimination.

6:Shortened Recovery Time
One of the most significant benefits of lymphatic drainage is its ability to expedite the healing process. By encouraging the body's natural mechanisms for recovery, patients can return to their daily activities sooner and with greater ease.

 

Role of Physiotherapists in Lymphatic Drainage

Physiotherapists are extensively trained in anatomy, physiology, and manual therapy techniques, making them well-equipped to administer lymphatic drainage effectively. When performed by a skilled physiotherapist, lymphatic drainage is a safe and non-invasive treatment that complements the postoperative care provided by the surgical team. During the initial post-liposuction recovery period, physiotherapists will conduct a thorough assessment to identify specific areas of concern and tailor the lymphatic drainage treatment accordingly. They will then use gentle, precise movements to stimulate lymphatic flow and clear any blockages or stagnation in the lymphatic system. Furthermore, physiotherapists provide personalized instructions to patients on self-massage techniques and simple exercises they can perform at home to support ongoing lymphatic drainage and maintain optimal results.

Lymphatic drainage, when administered by qualified physiotherapists, offers remarkable benefits for patients recovering from liposuction. By promoting effective lymphatic circulation, this manual therapy technique reduces swelling, aids in tissue regeneration, and improves overall healing. Moreover, patients experience less discomfort and a faster return to their regular activities. If you are considering liposuction, it is essential to consult with a skilled physiotherapist to learn how lymphatic drainage can be integrated into your postoperative care plan, ensuring a smooth and successful recovery journey.