Exercises to gain Strength and Mobility at home during COVID-19

Remaining active during this pandemic has become another big challenge for people all over the world. Social restrictions caused by COVID-19 continue to affect all of us. Being stuck at home and avoiding public gatherings has not only affected our mental health but also our physical activity. Therefore to maintain the overall strength of the body, few basic exercises should be done while staying at the home. These exercises won’t only boost your immune system but also will keep your mind busy. People who are at higher risk of COVID complications, such as old aged individuals, people suffering from Heart and Lung Disease, Cancer, HIV, and Diabetes should exercise on daily basis, whereas those infected with COVID-19 can do light to moderate intensity exercises while maintaining quarantine.  Vigorous-intensity exercises should be avoided for 2 weeks after a positive test, with close monitoring of the vital signs and symptoms. Here are some basic strengthening exercises, which you can do, while staying at home.

Cervical strengthening:

·         Start in a sitting position.

·         Place your hand on your forehead.

·         Apply pressure by pushing your hand towards the head, resist it back and hold.

·         Place your hand on the back of your head, apply pressure by pushing your hand towards the head, resist it back and hold.

·         Place your hand on the side of your head and apply pressure by pushing your hand towards the head, resist it back and hold.

·         Place your hand on the other side of your head and apply pressure by pushing your hand towards your head, resist it back and hold.

Bicep strengthening:

·         Sit in a chair.

·         Hold a weight in your hand, bend your elbow to raise your hand towards your face.

·         Relax and bring the elbow to the starting position.

Overhead strengthening, with dumbbell:

·         Hold a weight in your hands.

·         Raise your arm above your head and keep it straight.

·         Bring back your arm to the starting position and repeat.

Plank on-the-ball" Core/scapular strengthening:

·        Pile up few pillows of the same height same as the length of your arms or use a ball. Roll over the top of the ball or keep both your feet over the pillows until you have your hands under your shoulders, and the ball under your legs.

·        Note, the closer the ball or pillows are towards your feet, the harder the exercise.

·        Maintain this position with your shoulders strong, your core engaged, and your back flat.

·        Do not allow your back or shoulders to dip down.

Push-ups:

·         Lie on your front with your hands just wider then your shoulders and toes on the floor.

·         Tighten your buttock and abdominal muscles as you push yourself up with the help of your arms, keeping your body straight.

·         Your shoulders and your heels should be in a straight line.

·         Place your hands on the floor so that you fix your shoulder blades fully against your rib cage.

·         Keeping your back straight and control at the shoulder blades, bend your elbows, dropping down into a press-up.

·         Straighten your elbows again by pushing back on your hands.

Bridging with lifting heel:

·         Lie on your back keeping both your feet on the floor and maintaining your legs at hips-width apart. Bring one leg upwards at a time.

·         Lift your hips upwards until you have a straight line from your shoulders to your knees.

·         Hold this position and now raise one heel of one foot, then bring this heel back and raise the other.

·         Repeat the movement by keeping your hip your body upwards.

Plank, side (low)" Core/scapular strengthening:

·        Lie on your side.

·         Keep your legs straight and stack them on top of one another.

·         Use your elbow and feet to take your body weight, keeping your head to your feet in a straight line.

·         Hold this position for as long as you can, preventing the hips from going down.

Gluteus sets:

·         Lie on your back keeping your legs straight.

·         Tighten your buttocks and hold this position.

·         Relax and then repeat.

Quadriceps sets:

·         Sit on a bed keeping your legs straight.

·         Keep a pillow under your knee and try to apply pressure to the pillow by pressing down your knee without using your hands, hold this position.

·         Relax and then repeat

Hamstring set:

·         Lie on your back.

·         Bend your knee to an angle.

·         Pull your toes towards you

.

·         Gently push your heel into the floor.

·         Hold this position as instructed.

Heel raises:

·         Stand up straight by holding the back support of a chair.

·         With your legs hip-distance apart.

·         Rise on the ball of both feet.

·         Transfer your weight onto one leg by lifting your other leg from the floor.

·         Keeping your heel raised, hold this position.

·         Place the other foot back on the floor and lower yourself back down using both legs.

·         Repeat.

Squat, on a wall, with heel lifts:

·         Stand straight with your back towards the wall.

·         Lean your back and buttocks against the wall and move your feet apart to hips-width.

·         You may also need to move your feet forward a little.

·         Slowly slide down the wall to attain a squatting position with your hips and knees at 90 degrees.

·         Keeping your back and buttocks against the wall, hold this position while sliding back on the balls of your feet.

·         Lower your heels and then repeat.

Stay home, stay safe, and stay healthy.

 

COVID-19 and related Lung Pathology

Let us go back to the time when COVID -19 was declared as a pandemic. At the end of 2019, a new virus, Coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 or SARS-CoV2, caused an infection called COVID-19. It hit the world after originating from Wuhan, in China, and the World Health Organization (WHO) named the disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). On January 30, 2020, it was declared a global health emergency. While safeguarding yourself from this disease, by taking all the necessary precautions and continuing with your Post COVID-19 rehabilitation, it is also important for you to understand this disease in a better way, you should first try to find out how it affects your lungs. In this blog, we will discuss the lung pathology related to COVID-19.

 

Lungs are two spongy organs situated in your chest under your ribs. The right lung is divided into three lobes, upper lobe, middle lobe, and lower lobe. The left lung is divided into two parts, the upper lobe, and the lower lobe. When you breathe, air flows in through your mouth and nose down through your trachea and airways into your lungs. The trachea divides at a junction known as Carina. The trachea divides at carina into two bronchi, which further divides into right and left smaller tree-like branches called Bronchioles. At the end of bronchioles are present tiny air sacs called Alveoli, at these alveoli gas exchange takes place. These sacs are surrounded by tiny blood vessels. Here oxygen from your lungs passes into your bloodstream to go to tissues throughout your body. The oxygen passes from the alveoli into the bloodstream and oxygen from the bloodstream enters into the alveoli. The lung is situated on a soft thin muscle called Diaphragm. The diaphragm also helps us to breathe. It is a very important organ that helps in breathing. The lungs are connected to the immune system through lymph nodes. The lymph nodes and their vessels carry bacteria and other toxic materials away from the lung, into other organs from where they get filtered out. If you get some infection from bacteria or viruses, you may develop pneumonia which is an infection of the lungs. Sometimes these germs in form of bacteria or viruses might enter the trachea and through bronchioles enter into air sacs (alveoli). Normally, the cells from the immune system attack these germs which prevent you from falling sick but if you are old aged or have some illness your immune system may become weak. Pneumonia-causing germs can overcome the immune system and attack your alveoli. This causes swelling or inflammation in alveoli, filling the alveoli with fluid making your body difficult to get the oxygen it needs. This causes difficulty in breathing, fever, chills, cough, and sputum production body ache, body weakness, muscle fatigue, muscle pain, and headache. These conditions can lead to serious complications like respiratory failure, the breathing becomes so hampered in the latter stages that you may require a machine called Ventilator to breathe.

COVID-19 is such a disease caused by a virus. The virus infects cells along your airways by attaching to ACE2 and other molecules in these cells. The virus uses ACE2 as a door to reach into the cells and then replicates itself. The virus reduces the ACE2 inflammation system reaction, this inflammation damages the air sacs causing them to scar and stiffen or fill with fluid. This blocks some oxygen from passing from your lungs into the blood thus causing the oxygen levels to fall and you may feel short of breath. Researchers think that the virus latches onto the molecule to get into the cells. The effect of ACE2 to reduce inflammation is lost when the virus occupies ACE2. Researches have been done to focus on delivering safe and effective treatments for people infected with SARS-COV2.

People with diabetes, chronic lung disease, and heart or blood disease may be at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19. We should all take steps to help protect ourselves and others from infection by wearing a mask and keeping a distance of at least one meter while interacting. And also don't forget to sanitize.